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Objective:To investigate the possibility of screened long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) as a prognostic marker in evaluating glioma.Methods:A total of 694 glioma samples and 5 tumor-adjacent tissues were selected in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database from the establishment of the database to December 2018. The differential lncRNA, microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA between glioma tissues and 5 tumor-adjacent tissues were screened out, the correlation between the three and the prognosis of glioma patients was analyzed, and a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed. The biological functions of mRNA were enriched and analyzed based on Gene Ontology (GO) database and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database. The survival analysis of patients with different expression levels of lncRNA, miRNA or mRNA were performed by using Kaplan-Meier method to obtain lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA related to prognosis. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the different lncRNAs in the ceRNA network, and an lncRNA prognosis model for predicting the 5-year overall survival rate of patients was constructed. According to the constructed model, the risk value of each sample in 694 samples in TCGA database was calculated. Taking the median risk value as the critical value, patients were divided into high-risk group (≥ median risk value) and low-risk group (< median risk value), and the survival curves of the two groups were drawn. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn for predicting the 5-year overall survival rate of glioma patients in TCGA database according to the risk value of lncRNA prognosis model. The heat map of lncRNA gene expression levels in the prognostic model of patients in high-risk and low-risk groups was drawn with pheatmap R software package.Results:A total of differential 44 lncRNAs, 19 miRNAs and 54 mRNAs between glioma and tumor-adjacent tissues were obtained from TCGA database, and the ceRNA network map was drawn. Kaplan-Meier method showed that among them, 22 differential lncRNAs, 7 miRNAs and 38 mRNAs were related to the overall survival of patients. The univariate Cox regression analysis obtained 28 lncRNAs related to prognosis. After multivariate Cox regression analysis, Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to seek the optimal prognostic risk model involving 16 lncRNAs, that was, risk value = ARHGAP31-AS1×(-0.357 7)+LY86-AS1×(0.155 1)+WARS2-IT1×(0.206 4)+PART1×(-0.110 0)+AC110491.1×(-0.142 6)+CACNA1C-IT2×(-0.381 3)+HAS2-AS1×(0.128 8)+AC092171.1×(-0.161 3)+CCDC26×(-0.144 2)+HCG15×(0.384 0)+AL359541.1×(-0.289 2)+GRM5-AS1×(0.120 5)+LINC00237×(-0.085 1)+LINC00310×(-0.213 0)+VCAN-AS1×(-0.090 3)+ LINC00303×(0.091 5). The median risk value was 0.758 calculated by the constructed model. The 5-year overall survival rate in the high-risk group was 16.8% (95% CI 11.4%-24.7%) and 75.7% (95% CI 68.5%-83.7%) in the low-risk group. The area under of ROC curve of 5-year overall survival predicted by lncRNA model was 0.893. Through the heat map, it can be found that the expression level of all lncRNAs in the model was different between high-risk and low-risk patients. Conclusions:The prognostic risk model constructed based on the screened lncRNAs can better evaluate the prognosis of glioma patients. These lncRNAs are expected to become new candidate biomarkers related to the prognosis of glioma.
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Objective:To study the characteristics of macrophage lineage model polarized to adapt to the tumor micro-environment (TME) for further research on the plasticity of macrophages in TME.Methods:Bone marrow cells from transgenic Foxn1 nu.B6-CAG-EGFP/SU mice were induced by colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), IFN-γ+ LPS and IL-4 to differentiate into M0, M1 and M2 macrophages, respectively. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) was observed under inverted fluorescence microscope. Immunocytochemical staining was used to detect the marker and polarization-related proteins of macrophages. Moreover, the macrophages were co-cultured with human glioma stem cell SU3 for further analysis. Results:The bone marrow-derived M0, M1 and M2 macrophages all showed strong green fluorescence under inverted fluorescence microscope. The inherent plasticity of the macrophages could be observed under ordinary microscope with Wright-Giemsa staining. Immunocytochemical staining showed that CD11C and CD206 markers were observed on M0, M1 and M2 macrophages, while CD68 was only expressed on M1 macrophages. Moreover, the staining was strongly positive for CSF-1 and CSF-1R on M0, M1 and M2 macrophages. Green fluorescent cell infiltration and phagocytic reaction were observed in the co-cultured stem cell spheres.Conclusions:The bone marrow-derived macrophage lineage including M0, M1 and M2 subtypes with the inherent plasticity was successfully prepared using transgenic nude mice expressing GFP. The three subtypes expressed the common marker and polarization-related proteins, and had the phagocytic activity, suggesting that they could be used to study the interaction between tumor cells and macrophages, especially in tracer studies.
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Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of two chemotherapy regimens in NSCLC for the purpose of lower cost,higher quality medical care.Methods 56 patients with advanced NSCLC were divided into two groups from our hospital,group PP(pemtrexal+cisplatin,n=30)and group GP(gemcitabine+cisplatin,n=26),and analyzed by pharmaco-economic cost-effectiveness method,and retrospective analysis was also applied.Results Effective rates of two regimens were 46.67%,42.31%,no significant difference.But there was significant difference in the incidence rate of ADR between the two groups.The cost of chemotherapy regiments were 31 985.48 and 27 683.15 yuan.The average length of stay was 10.94 and 13·91 days.Compared to group GP,for each unit of efficacy,the cost in group PP were increased 986.77 yuan.Conclusion From the analysis of cost-effectiveness,group PP had higher chemotherapy costs,but better safety than group GP.
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Objective To explore the effect of minimally invasive surgery in patients with multiple fractured ribs complicated with traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. Methods Clinical data of 48 patients with multiple fractured ribs complicated with traumatic diaphragmatic hernia from January 2010 to January 2016 were retrospective analyzed. All the patients were divided into control group and observation group according to the operation method, 24 cases in each. Patients in control group were treated with thoracotomy, while patients in observation group were treated by video-assisted thoracic surgery. Results The incision length, operative time, blood loss, postoperative thoracic drainage time and hospital stay in the observation group were significantly lower than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Patients with fractured ribs of the two groups were cured after bandage fixation and the observation group were treated with no conversion to thoracotomy. Clinical efficiency of the two groups were 91.67% and 79.16% and the overall complication rate was 8.32% and 37.48% respectively, the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The video-assisted thoracic surgery in treatment of multiple fractured ribs complicated with traumatic diaphragmatic hernia has advantages of less trauma and blood loss during operation, shorter operation time, faster postoperative recovery, and better curative effect, lower incidence of complications. It can be further promoted and used in clinical.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for determination of the plasma concentrations of isoniazid(INH)and its metabolite acetyl-isoniazid(AcINH).METHODS:Trichloroacetic acid was added to plasma to precipitate protein,then the supernatant was divided into 2 parts,distilled water was added to the first part;while HCl was added to the second one,after incubated at 80℃for 1 hour,1%cinnamaldehyde was added to perform precolumn derivatization.The column was Hypersil BDS C 18 ,the mobil phase was eluted with0.02mol/L NaH 2 PO 4 (pH=4.0)-acetontrile(69∶31)and detected wave-length was 340nm,the flow fate was1ml/min.RESULTS:INH detectable concentration showed a good linear correlation in the range of 0.57～145.88?mol/L,the average recoveries of INH and AcINH were 101.1% and 101.5% respectively,the average RSD within or between day was less than 10%.CONCLUSION:The present method is applicable to monitoring of INH plasma concentration and the study of metabolism capacity of N-acetyltransferase.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) on the synthesis of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in gastric epithelial cells. Methods: a VacA(+) and CagA(+) international standard H. pylori line NCTC11637 and a human gastric epithelial carcinoma cell line BGC-823 were used. Western Blotting was applied to detect the synthesis of cyclooxygenase. Results: The content of COX-2 protein increased obviously after the cells were incubated with H. pylori sonicating extract for 1 h and the increase lasted for at least 6 h whereas the content of COX-1 protein did not change during the incubation with H. pylori extract. H. pylori lipopolysaccharide (LPS) had no effect on COX-2 synthesis. Conclusion: H. pylori stimulated the synthesis of COX-2 in BGC-823 cells and the effect was LPS-independent.
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OBJECTIVE By analyzing the high risk factors for pulmonary fungus infection in intensive care units of neurosurgery,this paper may be regarded as a good reference for early diagnosis and treatment. METHODS According to the domestic diagnostic standard on pulmonary fungus infection,we analyzed the clinical data of 58 patients with pulmonary fungus infection in department of neursurgery. RESULTS Totally 117 strains of fungi were isolated from the 58 cases.Candidiasis was the most frequent type,accounting for 92.3%.Some factors,such as the severity of underlying diseases,long-time coma,long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotic,abuse of glucocorticoid,the open airway and some traumatic intubations might be regarded as the high risk factors for pulmonary fungus infection.Fluconazole showed good clinical effects on the treatment of fungus infection. CONCLUSIONS It is important to eliminate the high risk factors for pulmonary fungus infection,to provide early diagnosis and to use prophylactic antifungal agent,which can reduce the incidence rate of pulmonary fungus infection.